Rational coping behavior can lead to alternative goal setting or decreasing need strength. Irrational behavior may occur in several forms when blockage to goal accomplishment continues and frustration develops. Frustration may increase to the extent that the individual engages in aggressive behavior. Aggression can lead to destructive behavior such as hostility and striking out. Freud was one of the first to demonstrate that hostility or rage can be exhibited by an individual in a variety of ways. If possible, individual will direct their hostility against the object or the person that they feel is the cause of frustration. The angry worker may try to hurt her boss or may undermine his job and reputation through gossip and other malicious behavior. Often, however, people cannot attack the cause of their frustration directly, and they may look for a scapegoat as a target for their hostility For example, a worker may fear his boss because the boss holds his fate in her hands. In this case, "the resentful worker may pick a quarrel with his wife, kick the cat, beat his children, or, more constructively, work off his feelings by chopping wood, by cursing and swearing, or engaging in violent exercises or horseplay of an aggressive nature.
As Norman R. F. Maier has said, aggression is only one way in which frustration can be shown. Other forms of frustrated behavior – such as rationalization, regressions, fixation, and resignation – may develop if pressures continue and/or increase.
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